Description: Section 1: Hepatic Toxicology . Introduction to the liver and its responses to toxicants (I.G. Sipes, R.S. McCuskey). Structure and function of hepatic parenchymal cells (E.L. Cardell, R.R. Cardell). Hepatic nonparenchymal cells: endothelial cells, Kupffer cells, fat-storing cells, and pit cells (R.S. McCuskey, E. Wisse). Cells of the liver: biliary epithelium (S.A. Levine, N.R. LaRusso). Xenobiotic metabolism by the liver (F.C. Kauffman). Evaluation of hepatotoxicity: physiological and biochemical measures of hepatic function (G. L. Plaa, H.J. Zimmerman). Pathological response to toxic injury (P. De la Motte Hall). Xenobiotic-induced inflammation and injury in the liver (D.L. Laskin). Carcinogenic responses to toxic liver injury in rodents (G.M. Williams). Antioxidant defense mechanisms (H. Jaeschke). Proteases and transcription factors: cutting edge determinants of the proliferative or apoptotic response in hepatic tissue (D. Kaplan, R.F. Novak). Hepatic defenses against toxicity: regeneration (H.M. Mehendale, K.N. Thakore, D. Chanda, A. Dalu, S. Kulkarni, P.S. Rao, R.S. Mangipudy). In vitro methods (B.G. Lake). Carbon tetrachloride (J.A. Castro, G.D. Castro). Volatile halogenated hydrocarbons (J.B. Wijeweera). Hexachlorobenzene: effects on porphyrin metabolism (M. Charbonneau). Hepatotoxicity of the fluorinated anesthetic agent (M.T. Baker). Role of Kupffer cells, endotoxin and free radicals in mediating hepatotoxicity due to alcohol (R.G. Thurman, B.U. Bradford, Y. Iimuro, K.T. Knecht, H.D. Connor, Y. Adachi, C. Wall, G.E. Arteel, J.A. Raleigh, D.T. Forman, R.P. Mason). Cocaine hepatotoxicity (R.D. Harbison, R.P. Demott). Acetaminophen (S.D. Cohen, D.J. Hoivik, E.A. Khairallah). Effects of chlorpromazine on the liver (H.J. Zimmerman). Nitrofurantoin (H.J. Zimmerman). Isoniazid (T.C. Sarich, J.M. Wright). Pesticides (E. Hodgson, S.A. Meyer). Hepatotoxicity of copper, iron, and cadmium (C.D. Klaassen, P.L. Goering). Aflatoxin toxicology (D.L. Eaton, J.T. Heinonen). Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (R.J. Huxtable). Bacterial endotoxin (K.F. Decker). &agr;-Naphthylisothiocyanate (P.E. Ganey, R.A. Roth, L.J. Dahm). Allyl alcohol (P.E. Ganey, R.A. Roth, L.J. Dahm). Bromobenzene hepatotoxicity: a paradigm of reactive electrophilic metabolites binding covalently to tissue macromolecules. Is there light at the end of the tunnel? (T.J. Monks, S.S. Lau). D-galactosamine (K. Decker). Thioacetamide (H.M. Mehendale, S. Chanda). The hepatotoxicity of Vitamin A (All-trans-Retinol) (I.G. Sipes, J.M. Sauer, D.A. Badger). Section 2: Gastrointestinal Toxicology. Gastrointestinal system: introduction (D.L. Earnest). Anatomy (esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon) (A.V. LeBouton). Gastrointestinal system: overview of physiology (E.D. Jacobson). The gastrointestinal tract immune system (F. Shanahan). The metabolic barrier of the gastrointestinal tract (P.B. Watkins). Pathophysiological mechanisms of gastrointestinal toxicity (T.F. Burks II). Interaction of toxicants with gastrointestinal tract microbial flora (G.L. Simon, S.L. Gorbach). Toxicants and gastrointestinal tract cellular proliferation and cancer (M.J. Wargovich). Sources of gastrointestinal tract toxins (food, industrial, and environmental chemicals, metals) (K.K. Rozman, M. Viluksela). Absorption, enterohepatic circulation and fecal excretion of toxicants (C.D. Klaassen, J.B. Watkins III). Clinical toxicity of common drugs and chemicals: esophagus (D.O. Castell). Clinical toxicity of common drugs and chemicals in humans: stomach (S. Szabo, A. Vincze). Small bowel toxicology (D.J. Bjorkman). Clinical toxicity of common drugs and chemicals: colon (D.L. Earnest). In vitro and in vivo models of gastrointestinal toxicology (R. Bird). Clinical toxicology in animals (S.B. Hooser).

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