Description: 1 The Big Idea 1 1.1 The Power of Analogy: The Architecture of Buildings, 2 1.1.1 Limitations of the Analogy, 5 1.1.2 So, What''s the Big Idea?, 6 1.2 The Power and Necessity of Big Ideas: The Architecture of the Web, 7 1.3 The Power of Architecture in the Small: Architecture on the Desktop, 12 1.4 The Power of Architecture in Business: Productivity and Product Lines, 15 1.5 End Matter, 20 1.6 Review Questions, 21 1.7 Exercises, 21 1.8 Further Reading, 21 2 Architectures in Context: The Reorientation of Software Engineering 23 2.1 Fundamental Understandings, 24 2.2 Requirements, 25 2.3 Design, 29 2.3.1 Design Techniques, 31 2.4 Implementation, 33 2.4.1 Implementation Strategies, 35 2.5 Analysis and Testing, 38 2.6 Evolution and Maintenance, 40 2.7 Processes, 42 2.7.1 The Turbine Visualization, 43 2.7.2 Example Process Depictions, 49 2.8 End Matter, 52 2.9 Review Questions, 53 2.10 Exercises, 54 2.11 Further Reading, 55 3 Basic Concepts 57 3.1 Terminology, 58 3.1.1 Architecture, 58 3.1.2 Component, 68 3.1.3 Connector, 70 3.1.4 Configuration, 72 3.1.5 Architectural Style, 72 3.1.6 Architectural Pattern, 73 3.2 Models, 75 3.3 Processes, 75 3.4 Stakeholders, 79 3.5 End Matter, 79 3.6 Review Questions, 80 3.7 Exercises, 80 3.8 Further Reading, 81 4 Designing Architectures 83 4.1 The Design Process, 85 4.2 Architectural Conception, 87 4.2.1 Fundamental Conceptual Tools, 87 4.2.2 The Grand Tool: Refined Experience, 90 4.3 Refined Experience in Action: Styles and Architectural Patterns, 91 4.3.1 Domain Specific Software Architectures, 93 4.3.2 Architectural Patterns, 94 4.3.3 Introduction to Styles, 99 4.3.4 Simple Styles, 102 4.3.5 More Complex Styles, 124 4.3.6 Discussion: Patterns and Styles, 137 4.3.7 Design Recovery, 139 4.4 Architectural Conception in Absence of Experience: Unprecedented Design, 144 4.5 Putting it All Together: Design Processes Revisited, 149 4.5.1 Insights from Requirements, 150 4.5.2 Insights from Implementation, 151 4.6 End Matter, 152 4.7 Review Questions, 153 4.8 Exercises, 154 4.9 Further Reading, 154 5 Connectors 157 5.1 Connectors in Action: A Motivating Example, 159 5.2 Connector Foundations, 161 5.3 Connector Roles, 163 5.4 Connector Types and Their Variation Dimensions, 164 5.4.1 Procedure Call Connectors, 165 5.4.2 Event Connectors, 166 5.4.3 Data Access Connectors, 167 5.4.4 Linkage Connectors, 168 5.4.5 Stream Connectors, 169 5.4.6 Arbitrator Connectors, 170 5.4.7 Adaptor Connectors, 170 5.4.8 Distributor Connectors, 171 5.5 Example Connectors, 172 5.5.1 Event-Based Data Distribution Connectors, 173 5.5.2 Grid-Based Data Distribution Connectors, 174 5.5.3 Client-Server-Based Data Distribution Connectors, 175 5.5.4 P2P-Based Data Distribution Connectors, 176 5.6 Using the Connector Framework, 176 5.6.1 Selecting Appropriate Connectors, 177 5.6.2 Detecting Mismatches, 180 5.7 End Matter, 181 5.8 Review Questions, 182 5.9 Exercises, 183 5.10 Further Reading, 183 6 Modeling 185 6.1 Modeling Concepts, 186 6.1.1 Stakeholder-Driven Modeling, 186 6.1.2 Basic Architectural Concepts, 188 6.1.3 Elements of the Architectural Style, 189 6.1.4 Static and Dynamic Aspects, 190 6.1.5 Functional and Non-Functional Aspects, 191 6.2 Ambiguity, Accuracy, and Precision, 191 6.2.1 Ambiguity, 192 6.2.2 Accuracy and Precision, 192 6.3 Complex Modeling: Mixed Content and Multiple Views, 194 6.3.1 Views and Viewpoints, 194 6.3.2 Consistency among Views, 196 6.4 Evaluating Modeling Techniques, 198 6.5 Specific Modeling Techniques, 199 6.5.1 Generic Techniques, 199 6.5.2 Early Architecture Description Languages, 209 6.5.3 Domain- and Style-Specific ADLs, 221 6.5.4 Extensible ADLs, 229 6.6 When Systems Become Too Complex to Model, 242 6.7 End Matter, 243 6.8 Review Questions, 246 6.9 Exercises, 246 6.10 Further Reading, 246 7 Visualization 249 7.1 Visualization Concepts, 250 7.1.1 Canonical Visualizations, 250 7.1.2 Textual Visualizations, 251 7.1.3 Graphical Visualizations, 253 7.1.4 Hybrid Visualizations, 255 7.1.5 The Relationship between Visualizations and Views, 255 7.2 Evaluating Visualizations, 259 7.2.2 Constructing a Visualization, 261 7.2.3 Coordinating Visualizations, 264 7.2.4 Beyond Design: Using Visualization Dynamically, 266 7.3 Common Issues in Visualization, 268 7.3.1 Same Symbol, Different Meaning, 268 7.3.2 Differences without Meaning, 269 7.3.3 Decorations without Meaning, 269 7.3.4 Borrowed Symbol, Different Meaning, 270 7.4 Evaluating Visualization Techniques, 272 7.5 Techniques, 272 7.5.1 Textual Visualizations, 272 7.5.2 Informal Graphical Editors, 274 7.5.3 UML: The Unified Modeling Language, 276 7.5.4 Rapide, 280 7.5.5 The Labeled Transition State Analyzer (LTSA), 282 7.5.6 xADL 2.0, 284 7.6 End Matter, 288 7.7 Review Questions, 289 7.8 Exercises, 290 7.9 Further Reading, 290 8 Analysis 291 8.1 Analysis Goals, 295 8.1.1 Completeness, 295 8.1.2 Consistency, 296 8.1.3 Compatibility, 302 8.1.4 Correctness, 303 8.2 Scope of Analysis, 303 8.2.1 Component- and Connector-Level Analysis, 304 8.2.2 Subsystem- and System-Level Analysis, 305 8.2.3 Data Exchanged in the System or Subsystem, 307 8.2.4 Architectures at Different Abstraction Levels, 308 8.2.5 Comparison of Two or More Architectures, 310 8.3 Architectural Concern being Analyzed, 310 8.4 Level of Formality of Architectural Models, 312 8.5 Type of Analysis, 313 8.6 Level of Automation, 314 8.7 System Stakeholders, 315 8.8 Analysis Techniques, 317 8.8.1 Inspections and Reviews, 317 8.8.2 Model-Based Analysis, 322 8.8.3 Simulation-Based Analysis, 328 8.9 End Matter, 333 8.10 Review Questions, 334 8.11 Exercises, 335 8.12 Further Reading, 336 9 Implementation 337 9.1 Concepts, 338 9.1.1 The Mapping Problem, 338 9.1.2 Architecture Implementation Frameworks, 340 9.1.3 Evaluating Frameworks, 343 9.1.4 Middleware, Component Models, and Application Frameworks, 343 9.1.5 Building a New Framework, 346 9.1.6 Concurrency, 347 9.1.7 Generative Technologies, 348 9.1.8 Ensuring Architecture-to-Implementation Consistency, 349 9.2 Existing Frameworks, 350 9.2.1 Frameworks for the Pipe-and-Filter Architectural Style, 350 9.2.2 Frameworks for the C2 Architectural Style, 352 9.3 Examples, 360 9.3.1 Implementing Lunar Lander in the Pipe-and-Filter Style using the java.io Framework, 360 9.3.2 Implementing Lunar Lander in the C2-Style Using the Lightweight C2 Framework, 366 9.4 End Matter, 377 9.5 Review Questions, 378 9.6 Exercises, 378 9.7 Further Reading, 379 10 Deployment and Mobility 381 10.1 Overview of Deployment and Mobility Challenges, 385 10.2 Software Architecture and Deployment, 387 10.2.1 Basic Concepts, 388 10.2.2 Deployment Activities, 388 10.2.3 Tool Support, 402 10.3 Software Architecture and Mobility, 405 10.3.1 Basic Concepts, 405 10.3.2 Mobility Paradigms, 405 10.3.3 Challenges in Migrating Code, 406 10.4 End Matter, 408 10.5 Review Questions, 409 10.6 Exercises, 409 10.7 Further Reading, 410 11 Applied Architectures and Styles 413 11.1 Distributed and Networked Architectures, 414 11.1.1 Limitations of the Distributed Systems Viewpoint, 415 11.2 Architectures for Network-Based Applications, 416 11.2.1 The REpresentational State Transfer Style (REST), 416 11.2.2 Commercial Internet-Scale Applications, 422 11.3 Decentralized Architectures, 424 11.3.1 Shared Resource Computation: The Grid World, 425 11.3.2 Peer-to-Peer Styles, 426 11.3.3 Summary Notes on Latency and Agency, 432 11.4 Service-Oriented Architectures and Web Services, 433 11.5 Architectures from Specific Domains, 437 11.5.1 Robotics, 437 11.5.2 Wireless Sensor Networks, 443 11.6 End Matter, 443 11.7 Review Questions, 445 11.8 Exercises, 445 11.9 Further Reading, 446 12 Designing for Non-Functional Properties 447 12.1 Efficiency, 450 12.1.1 Software Components and Efficiency, 451 12.1.2 Software Connectors and Efficiency, 453 12.1.3 Architectural Configurations and Efficiency, 455 12.2 Complexity, 459 12.2.1 Software Components and Complexity, 460 12.2.2 Software Connectors and Complexity, 463 12.2.3 Architectural Configurations and Complexity, 464 12.3 Scalability and Heterogeneity, 467 12.3.1 Software Components and Scalability, 468 12.3.2 Software Connectors and Scalability, 471 12.3.3 Architectural Configurations and Scalability, 473 12.4 Adaptability, 475 12.4.1 Software Components and Adaptability, 475

Please Wait