Description: Preface xiii Acknowledgments xviii Part 1 Emphasizing Local and Global Sustainability in the on-Demand and Sharing economies 1 Digital Transformation Disrupts Companies, Competition, and Careers Locally and Globally 1 Case 1.1 Opening Case: Uber and Airbnb Innovative Digital Business Models Facilitate Global Expansion and Operational Resilience During the COVID-19 Pandemic 2 Introduction 4 1.1 Doing Business in the On-Demand and Sharing Economies 5 Disruptive Digital Business Models 7 IT''s Role in the On-Demand and Sharing Economies 8 IT--Business Objectives 8 1.2 Business Process Improvement and Competition 10 What Is a Business Process? 11 Improving Business Processes 12 Don''t Automate, Obliterate! 12 Competition 13 1.3 IT Innovation and Disruption 15 Social-Mobile-Analytics-Cloud (SMAC) Model 15 Technology Mega Trends 16 COVID-19 Accelerates Digital Transformation 18 Lessons Learned 19 1.4 IT and You 20 On-Demand ''Gig'' Workers 21 IT Adds Value to Your Performance and Career 22 Managing and Interpreting Big Data Are High Demand Skills 23 Becoming an Informed IT User 26 Case 1.2 Business Case: The IoT Comes to Sports 29 Case 1.3 Video Case: Creating a Digital Vision to Transform a Company and Improve the Customer Experience 30 2 Information Systems, IT Infrastructure, and the Cloud 31 Case 2.1 Opening Case: The Amazing Story of Tommy Flowers--Creator of the First Programmable Computer 32 Introduction 33 2.1 IS Concepts and Classification 34 IT Adds Value 34 Six Components of an IS 35 Data, Information, Knowledge, and Wisdom 36 Types of Information Systems 37 Transaction Processing System 38 Management Information System 40 Decision Support Systems 40 Executive Information System 41 ISs Exist within Corporate Culture 43 2.2 IT Infrastructure, IT Architecture, and Enterprise Architecture 43 Adding Value with an EA 44 Measuring EA Success 45 EA and Sustainability 46 Developing an EA 47 EA Must Be Dynamic and Evolving 48 2.3 Data Centers and Cloud Computing 48 Data Centers 49 Data Virtualization 50 Cloud Computing 53 Cloud Infrastructure 53 Moving Workloads from the Enterprise to the Cloud 53 Cloud Services 54 Anything-as-a-Service (XaaS) Models 54 Selecting a Cloud Vendor 57 2.4 Virtualization and Virtual Machines 59 Case 2.2 Business Case: Grupo AGORA Upgrades IT to Quench the Thirst of Millions Throughout Spain 64 3 Data Management, Data Warehouses, and Data Governance 66 Case 3.1 Opening Case: ThyssenKrupp Elevator Saves $1.5 Million and 900 Trees by Digitizing Documents 67 Introduction 68 3.1 Data Management 69 Database Technologies 69 Databases 70 Centralized Databases 71 Distributed Databases 72 Database Management System (DBMS) 73 Elements of a DBMS 73 Benefits of a DBMS 79 DBMS Vendor Rankings 80 3.2 Data Warehouses and Data Marts 81 Moving Data from a Database to a Data Warehouse or a Data Mart 81 Building and Using a Data Warehouse 82 Real-Time Support from an Active Data Warehouse 83 Data Lakes 85 3.3 Data Governance and Master Data Management (MDM) 85 Data Governance 85 Master Data and Master Data Management (MDM) 87 Benefits of Data Governance and Master Data Management 89 Information Management 90 Data Life Cycle and Data Principles 90 Harnessing Scattered Data 91 Breaking Down Data Silos 91 Culture Must Change 92 Garbage In, Garbage Out 93 The Cost of Dirty Data 94 3.5 Electronic Document, Record, and Content Management 96 Electronic Document Management 97 Electronic Document Management Systems 97 Electronic Records Management 97 Legal Duty to Retain Business Records 98 Electronic Records Management Systems 99 Enterprise Content Management 100 Enterprise Content Management Systems 100 Choosing an EDMS, ERMS, or ECMS 100 Case 3.2 Business Case: Dirty Data Jeopardize University Fundraising Efforts 104 4 Networks, the Internet of Things (IoT), and Edge Computing 107 Case 4.1 Opening Case: Cedar Park, Texas Improves Customer Communications to Empower Them to Conserve Water through Its New Smart Water Network 108 Introduction 109 4.1 Network Fundamentals 109 Business Functions Supported by Computer Networks 110 Types of Networks 111 Local Area Network (LAN) 111 Wide Area Network (WAN) 112 Intranets, Extranets, and Virtual Private Networks 113 Transmission Media and Speed 114 Network Components 115 Circuit Switching vs. Packet Switching 115 Network Applications 116 4.2 Wireless Networks and Standards 117 Differences Between 4G and 5G Networks 118 Advantages and Disadvantages of 5G 118 There Is a Growing Need for 5G 118 Wireless Network Standards 119 Wireless Connectivity 120 Wireless Networks Use Different Transmission Media 122 Wireless Network Technologies 123 4.3 Mobile Computing and the Internet of Things (IoT) 127 Mobile Network Drivers 127 More Smartphone Use 128 More High-Capacity Networks 128 Faster Broadband Speeds 128 More Mobile Video 129 Benefits of Mobile Computing 129 Mobile Technologies 129 Examples of NFC Applications and Their Potential Business Value 131 The Internet of Things 132 Factors Driving IoT 133 IoT Architecture 133 The Growth of IoT 134 Advantages and Disadvantages of IoT 136 Edge Computing 137 Edge Architecture and Apps 138 Industry Applications of Edge Computing 138 Choosing Mobile Computing Solutions 138 Networks Support Communication, Search, Collaboration and Relationships 139 4.4 Network Quality of Service 142 Net Neutrality 142 Quality of Service Models 143 Case 4.2 Business Case: Carnival Seeks to Keep Passengers Happier at Sea with IoT, NFC, and Edge Computing 147 5 Data Privacy and Cyber Security 149 Case 5.1 Opening Case: Yahoo Is Fined $117.5 Million for Worst Data Hacks in History 150 Introduction 151 5.1 Data Privacy Concerns and Regulations 152 Confused, Concerned, and Out of Control 152 The Privacy Paradox 154 Privacy Rights Are Civil Rights 154 U.S. Consumer Protection Data Privacy Regulations 154 U.S. State-Level Privacy Laws 155 European Union''s General Data Protection Rules (GDPR) 156 The EU-U.S. Privacy Shield 157 Public Lack of Understanding 157 5.2 Extent and Cost of Cyberattacks and Cyber Threats 158 Unintentional Cyber Threats 161 Intentional Cyber Threats 161 How Much Does a Cyberattack Really Cost an Organization? 169 Cyberattack Targets and Consequences 170 Most Prevalent and Deadly Cyber attack Targets 170 5.4 Defending Against Cyberattacks and Managing Risk 176 Cyber Defense Strategies 177 Managing Risk 178 Securing Systems 179 Backup and Recovery 181 Business Continuity Planning 182 Disaster Recovery Services 183 5.5 Regulatory Controls, Frameworks, and Models 184 General Defense Controls 185 Application Defense Controls 186 Auditing Information Systems 186 Government Regulations 187 Risk Management and IT Governance Frameworks 187 Industry Security Standards 189 IT Security Defense-In-Depth Model 189 Case 3.2 Business Case: Multi-National Marriott Hotels Could Face Consumer Backlash and up to $1 Billion in Regulatory Fines and Litigation Costs for Massive Data Breach 195 Part 2 Maximizing Growth with Data Analytics, Social Media and Omni-Channel Technology 6 Business Intelligence, Data Science, and Data Analytics 199 Case 6.1 Opening Case: NASCAR Pushes the Envelope by Combining Big Data with Augmented Reality in the World of Live Customer Engagement 200 Introduction 201 6.1 Business Intelligence and Data Science 202 Four Phases of Decision-Making 202 Data Driven Decision-Making with Data Analytics 203 Traditional and Modern Business Intelligence (BI) 204 Adding Value with Traditional and Modern BI 206 Finding and Hiring BI Professionals 207 Software to Support BI Professionals 208 Data Science 210 Adding Value with Data Science 212 Building a Data Science Team 213 Software to Support the Data Science Team 215 6.2 Big Data and Advanced Data Analytics 217 Big Data 217 The Four Vs of Big Data 218 Big Data Goals and Challenges 220 Predictive Data Analytics 221 Prescriptive Data Analytics 223 6.3 Descriptive Data Analytics Tools 224 Adding Value with Data Mining 224 Adding Value through Learning, Exploration, and Discovery with Data Visualization 226 Dashboards Are Real Time 231 Adding Value with Digital Dashboards 231 Enterprise Mashup Architecture 233 Adding Value with Mashups 233 6.4 Predictive and Prescriptive Data Analytics Methods and Techniques 234 Adding Value with Text Mining 235 Spatial Data Mining 235 Geocoding 236 GIS Is Not Your Grandfather''s Map 237 Infrastructure and Location-Aware Collection of Geospatial Data 238 Adding Valu