Description: The development of our present level of technology has depended on the evolution of methods for the generation, distribution, and utilization of power. The energy requirements of the domestic population and the national defense effort increase at a rate of 2 to 3 per cent per year. Various estimates place the rate of energy consumption in the United States at 1.0 to 1.5 x 10 Btu per year by the year 2000. This increasing demand for power requires the continued development of methods for power transmission, control, and utilization. Fluid power technology plays an important role in this task and promises to be even more important the future.The majority of contemporary power transmission systems can be classified as electrical, mechanical, or fluid. Fluid power systems can be further divided into pneumatic and hydraulic systems, depending on the fluid medium used to transmit force. The fluids employed in pneumatic power and control systems are gases, which are characterized by high compressibility. In contrast, hydraulic fluids are relatively incompressible liquids.

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