Drawing on vast Walpole archival materials and on his astonishing forty volumes of letters, Brownell describes the formation of young Walpole's taste and interest in the visual arts. Brownell argues that England's leading portrait engraver, George Vertue, converted Walpole from Grand Tour taste in painting to a life-long study of English portraits. The book discusses the significance of Walpole's collection of English historical portraits and French portraits of the ancien regime, and it analyzes Walpole's fascination with portraiture, comparing the painted portraits Walpole collected and wrote about to the literary portraits he penned in his letters. Walpole's passion for the art of portraiture was not the trifling pastime he pretended, Brownell says; in fact it was the source of his greatest literary achievement -- a gallery of literary portraits of the English aristocracy as fine as the painted portraits of Reynolds and Galnsborough.